References

Balasuriya, U.B., Patton, J.F., Rossitto, P.V., Timoney, P.J., McCollum, W.H. and MacLachlan, N.J. (1997). Neutralization determinants of laboratory strains and field isolates of equine arteritis virus: identification of four neutralization sites in the amino-terminal ectodomain of the G(L) envelope glycoprotein. Virology 232, 114-128.

Den Boon, J.A., Kleijnen, M.F., Spaan, W.J.M. and Snijder, E.J. (1996). Equine arteritis virus subgenomic mRNA synthesis: analysis of leader-body junctions and replicative-form RNAs. J. Virol., 70, 4291-4298.

De Vries, A.A.F., Post, S.M., Raamsman, M.J., Horzinek, M.C. and Rottier, P.J.M. (1995). The two major envelope proteins of equine arteritis virus associate into disulfide-linked heterodimers. J. Virol., 69, 4668-4674.

De Vries, A.A.F., Raamsman, M.J., van Dijk, H.A., Horzinek, M.C. and Rottier, P.J.M. (1995). The small envelope glycoprotein (Gs) of equine arteritis virus folds into three distinct monomers and a disulfide-linked dimer. J.Virol., 69, 3441-3448.

De Vries, A.A.F., Horzinek, M.C., Rottier, P.J.M. and de Groot, R.J. (1997). The genome organization of the Nidovirales: similarities and differences between arteri-, toro-, and coronaviruses. Sem. Virol., 8, 33-47.

Faaberg, F.S. and Plagemann, P.G.W. (1997). ORF3 of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus encodes a soluble, nonstructural, highly glycosylated, antigenic protein. Virology 227, 245-251.

Godeny, E.K., de Vries, A.A.F., Wang, X.C., Smith, S.L. and de Groot, R.J. (1998). Identification of the leader-body junctions for the viral subgenomic mRNAs and organization of the simian hemorrhagic fever virus genome: Evidence for gene duplication during arterivirus evolution. J. Virol., 72, 862-867.

Hwang, Y.-K. and Brinton, M.A. (1998). A 68-nucleotide sequence within the 3 noncoding region of simian hemorrhagic fever virus negative-strand RNA binds to four MA104 cell proteins. J. Virol., 72, 4341-4351.

Kreutz, L.C. and Ackermann, M.R. (1996). Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus enters cells through a low pH dependent endocytic pathway. Virus Res., 42, 137-147.

Mardassi, H., Gonin, P., Gagnon, C.A., Massie, B. and Dea, S. (1998). A subset of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP3 glycoprotein is released into the culture medium of cells as a non-virion-associated and membrane-free (soluble) form. J. Virol., 72, 6298-6306.

Meulenberg, J.J.M., van Nieuwstadt, A.P., van Essen-Zanbergen, A. and Langeveld, J.P. (1997). Post-translational processing and identification of a neutralization domain of the GP4 protein encoded by ORF4 of Lelystad virus. J. Virol., 71, 6061-6067.

Plagemann, P.G.W. (1996). Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus and related viruses. In ““Virology””, 3rd ed. (B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipe, and P.M. Howley), pp1105-1120, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA.

Snijder, E.J. and Meulenberg, J.M. (1998). The molecular biology of arteriviruses. J. Gen. Virol., 79, 961-979.

Suarez, P., Diaz Guerra, M., Prieto, C., Esteban, M., Castro, J.M., Nieto, A. and Ortin, J. (1996). Open reading frame 5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus as a cause of virus-induced apoptosis. J.Virol., 70, 2876-2882.

Sur, J.K., Doster, A.R. Christian, J.S., Galeota, J.A., Wills, R.W., Zimmerman, J.J. and Osorio, F.A. (1997). Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replicates in testicular germ cells, alters spermatogenesis, and induces germ cell death by apoptosis. J. Virol., 71, 9170-9179.

Van der Meer, Y., van Tol, H., Locker, J.K. and Snijder, E.J. (1998). Membrane association of the arterivirus replication complex. J. Virol., 72, 6689-6698.

Van Dinten, L.C., Wassenaar, A.L.M., Gorbalenya, A.E., Spaan, W.J.M. and Snijder, E.J. (1996). Processing of the equine arteritis virus replicase ORF1b protein: identification of cleavage products containing the putative viral polymerase and helicase domains. J. Virol., 70, 6625-6633.

Van Nieuwstadt, A.P., Meulenberg, J.J.M., van Essen-Zanbergen, A., Petersen-den Besten, A., Bende, R.J., Moormann, R.J.M. and Wensvoort, G. (1996). Proteins encoded by open reading frames 3 and 4 of the genome of Lelystad virus (Arteriviridae) are structural proteins of the virion. J. Virol., 70, 4767-4772.

Wassenaar, A.L.M., Spaan, W.J.M., Gorbalenya, A.E. and Snijder, E.J. (1997). Alternative proteolytic processing of the arterivirus ORF1a polyprotein: evidence that nsp2 acts as a cofactor for the nsp4 serine protease. J. Virol., 71, 9313-9322.