Genus Nairovirus
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Type Species |
Dugbe virus |
(DUGV) |
Distinguishing Features
Virions are morphologically similar to other members of the family with very small surface units which appear as a peripheral fringe 7 nm in length (Fig. 6). The L RNA segment (12.2 kb) is considerably larger than the L segments of other members of the family. The consensus terminal nucleotide sequences of the L, M, and S segments are AGAGUUUCU . . . at the 3
-end and UCUCAAAGA . . . at the 5-end. The S segment does not encode a nonstructural protein. The M segment encodes a single gene product which is processed in a complex and poorly defined manner to yield the structural glycoproteins; at least three non-structural proteins have been observed, two of which are precursors of the glycoproteins. The L protein is predicted to be much larger than those of other members of the family but has yet to be identified. Viruses are serologically unrelated to members of other genera. Most viruses are transmitted by ticks: members of the CCHF, NSD, and SAK groups mainly by ixodid ticks and DGK, HUG and QYB groups mainly by argasid ticks. Some viruses are transmitted transovarially in arthropods.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
The paucity of biochemical data dictates that nairovirus species are defined by serological reactivities. There are seven species recognized in the genus Nairovirus containing 34 virus strains.
List of Species in the Genus
Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species names, alternative names ( ), strains or serotypes are not italicized. Under each virus species name is listed a number of other viruses of unknown exact taxonomic status. They differ from the listed virus species antigenically as well as in terms of host range vector species, geographical origins and pathogenic properties. Virus names, vector types, genome sequence accession numbers [ ], and assigned abbreviations ( ) are:
Species in the Genus
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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus |
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(CCHFV) |
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Kodzha virus |
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(CCHFV) |
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strain C68031 |
ticks, |
[S: M86625] |
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strain AP92 |
culicoid flies |
[S: U04958] |
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Hazara virus |
ticks |
[S: M86624] |
(HAZV) |
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Khasan virus |
ticks |
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(KHAV) |
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Dera Ghazi Khan virus |
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(DGKV) |
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JD254 virus |
ticks |
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(DGKV) |
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Abu Hammad virus |
ticks |
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(AHV) |
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Abu Mina virus |
N.D. |
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(ABMV) |
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Kao Shuan virus |
ticks |
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(KSV) |
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Pathum Thani virus |
ticks |
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(PTHV) |
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Pretoria virus |
ticks |
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(PREV) |
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Dugbe virus |
ticks |
[S: M25150] |
(DUGV) |
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[M: M94133] |
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[L: U15018] |
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Nairobi sheep disease virus (Ganjam virus) |
ticks, culicoid flies, mosquitoes |
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(NSDV) |
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Hughes virus |
ticks |
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(HUGV) |
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Farallon virus |
ticks |
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(FARV) |
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Fraser Point virus |
ticks |
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(FPV) |
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Great Saltee virus |
ticks |
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(GRSV) |
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Puffin Island virus |
ticks |
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(PIV) |
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Punta Salinas virus |
ticks |
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(PSV) |
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Raza virus |
ticks |
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(RAZAV) |
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Sapphire II virus |
ticks |
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(SAPV) |
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Soldado virus |
ticks |
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(SOLV) |
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Zirqa virus |
ticks |
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(ZIRV) |
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Qalyub virus |
ticks |
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(QYBV) |
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Bakel virus |
ticks |
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(BAKV) |
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Bandia virus |
ticks |
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(BDAV) |
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Omo virus |
N.D. |
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(OMOV) |
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Sakhalin virus |
ticks |
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(SAKV) |
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Avalon virus (Paramushir virus) |
ticks |
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(AVAV) |
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Clo Mor virus |
ticks |
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(CMV) |
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Kachemak Bay virus |
ticks |
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(KBV) |
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Taggert virus |
ticks |
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(TAGV) |
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Tillamook virus |
ticks |
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(TILLV) |
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Thiafora virus |
N.D. |
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(TFAV) |
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Erve virus |
N.D. |
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(ERVEV) |
Tentative Species in the Genus
None identified.
