|
Type Species |
(VSIV) |
Vesiculoviruses have 5 major polypeptides (designated L, G, N, P and M). The 11.2 kb genome includes about 50 nts leader sequence that precedes N, about 60 nts untranslated region that follows L and intergenic dinucleotides. There is a common 3
-AUACUUUUUUU sequence preceding each intergenic region, and UUGUCNNUAG sequences at the beginning of each gene and following the intergenic sequences that templates the 5-end of the next mRNA species (generally, m7Gppp(m)Am-A(m)CAGNNAUC . . . ). Some viruses (e.g., Mount Elgon bat virus, MEBV; Kwatta virus, KWAV) are distinctly larger than the type species.
Vesiculoviruses have been obtained from a variety of animals, including mammals, fish and invertebrates (insects). Vesicular stomatitis of horses, cattle and swine is one of the oldest known infectious diseases of livestock. It was first recognized as distinct from foot-and-mouth disease early in the nineteenth century. Epidemics of disease occur periodically throughout the Western hemisphere. The disease signs can produce debilitating lameness in horses and swine and loss of milk production in cows. A number of vesiculoviruses (Chandipura virus, CHPV; Cocal virus, COCV; Isfahan virus, ISFV, Piry virus, PIRYV; Vesicular stomatitis Alagoas virus, VSAV; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus, VSIV; and Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus, VSNJV) also infect humans. Antibodies to these viruses are relatively common amongst people living in rural areas where the viruses are endemic. Laboratory-acquired and natural infections with these viruses have usually resulted in influenza-like symptoms. Many of the vesiculoviruses that infect mammals have been isolated from naturally infected arthropods, primarily phlebotomine sandflies, suggesting that they may be vector-borne. Several vesiculoviruses infect fish and are responsible for epidemics of disease. Some may be vectored by fish ectoparasites.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
Species in the genus cross-react in CF and immunofluorescence tests and exhibit low to no cross-neutralization. Genomic sequence analyses indicate sequence similarities. Higher homologies are observed between the N genes by comparison to the G genes. N protein sequence identity between species is in the range 49% (CHPV and VSNJV) to 68.6% (VSIV and VSNJV). L gene sequence is available for too few species to be a useful parameter.
Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species names, alternative names ( ), strains or serotypes are not italicized. Virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ], and assigned abbreviations ( ) are:
|
Carajas virus |
(CJSV) | |
|
Chandipura virus |
[J04350, V01208, M16608] |
(CHPV) |
|
Cocal virus |
[V01208] |
(COCV) |
|
Isfahan virus |
(ISFV) | |
|
Maraba virus |
(MARAV) | |
|
Piry virus |
[Z15093, D26175, M14719, M14714, V01208] |
(PIRYV) |
|
Vesicular stomatitis Alagoas virus |
(VSAV) | |
|
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus |
[J02428] |
(VSIV) |
|
Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus |
[K02379, S61075, J02433, M20166, M14553, K02747] |
(VSNJV) |
Tentative Species in the Genus
|
BeAn 157575 virus |
(BeAnV-157575) | |
|
Boteke virus |
(BTKV) | |
|
Calchaqui virus |
(CQIV) | |
|
Eel virus American |
(EVA) | |
|
Gray Lodge virus |
(GLOV) | |
|
Jurona virus |
(JURV) | |
|
Klamath virus |
(KLAV) | |
|
Kwatta virus |
(KWAV) | |
|
La Joya virus |
(LJV) | |
|
Malpais Spring virus |
(MSPV) | |
|
Mount Elgon bat virus |
(MEBV) | |
|
Perinet virus |
(PERV) | |
|
Pike fry rhabdovirus (Grass carp rhabdovirus) |
(PFRV) | |
|
Porton virus |
(PORV) | |
|
Radi virus |
(RADIV) | |
|
Spring viremia of carp virus |
[M35836, K02123] |
(SVCV) |
|
Tupaia virus |
(TUPV) | |
|
Ulcerative disease rhabdovirus |
(UDRV) | |
|
Yug Bogdanovac virus |
(YBV) |
Note that only selected representative sequence accession numbers have been provided for some species.
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