Unassigned Genus “Ictalurid herpes-like Viruses”
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Type Species |
(IcHV-1) |
The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the single member of the genus are only tenuously related to those of other herpesviruses and identify a distinct lineage.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
Not applicable.
Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species names, alternative names ( ), strains or serotypes are not italicized. Virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ], and assigned abbreviations ( ) are:
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Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 |
[M75136] |
(IcHV-1) |
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(Channel catfish virus) |
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
Unassigned Members of the Family
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Acipenserid herpesvirus 110 |
(AciHV-1) |
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(White sturgeon herpesvirus 1) |
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Acipenserid herpesvirus 2 |
(AciHV-2) |
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(White Sturgeon herpesvirus 2) |
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Acciptrid herpesvirus 1 |
(AcHV-1) |
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(Bald eagle herpesvirus) |
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Anatid herpesvirus 1 |
(AnHV-1) |
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(Duck plague herpesvirus) |
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Anguillid herpesvirus 111 |
(AngHV-1) |
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(Japanese eel herpesvirus) |
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Ateline herpesvirus 3 |
(AtHV-3) |
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(Herpesvirus ateles strain 73) |
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Boid herpesvirus 1 |
(BoiHV-1) |
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(Boa herpesvirus) |
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Callitrichine herpesvirus 2 |
(CalHV-2) |
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(Marmoset cytomegalovirus) |
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Caviid herpesvirus 1 |
(CavHV-1) |
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(Guinea pig herpesvirus) |
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(Hsiung kaplow herpesvirus) |
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Caviid herpesvirus 3 |
(CavHV-3) |
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(Guinea pig herpesvirus 3) |
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Cebine herpesvirus 1 |
(CbHV-1) |
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(Capuchin herpesvirus AL-5) |
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Cebine herpesvirus 2 |
(CbHV-2) |
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(Capuchin herpesvirus AP-18) |
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Cercopithecine herpesvirus 3 |
(CeHV-3) |
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(SA6 virus) |
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Cercopithecine herpesvirus 4 |
(CeHV-4) |
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(SA15 virus) |
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Cercopithecine herpesvirus 10 |
(CeHV-10) |
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(Rhesus leukocyte associated herpesvirus strain 1) |
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Cercopithecine herpesvirus 13 |
(CeHV-13) |
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(Herpesvirus cyclopsis) |
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Chelonid herpesvirus 1 |
(ChHV-1) |
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(gray patch disease of turtles) |
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Chelonid herpesvirus 2 |
(ChHV-2) |
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(Pacific pond turtle herpesvirus) |
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Chelonid herpesvirus 3 |
(ChHV-3) |
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(Painted turtle herpesvirus) |
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Chelonid herpesvirus 4 |
(ChHV-4) |
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(Argentine turtle herpesvirus) |
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Ciconiid herpesvirus 1 |
(CiHV-1) |
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(Black stork herpesvirus) |
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Columbid herpesvirus 1 |
(CoHV-1) |
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(Pigeon herpesvirus) |
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Cricetid herpesvirus |
(CrHV-1) |
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(Hamster herpesvirus) |
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Cyprinid herpesvirus 112 |
(CyHV-1) |
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(Carp pox herpesvirus) |
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Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 |
(CyHV-2) |
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(Goldfish herpesvirus) |
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(Haematopoietic necrosis herpesvirus of goldfish) |
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Elapid herpesvirus 1 |
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(EpHV-1) |
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(Indian cobra herpesvirus) |
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(Banded krait herpesvirus) |
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(Siamese cobra herpesvirus) |
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Elephantid herpesvirus 1 |
(ElHV-1) |
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(Elephant loxodontol herpesvirus) |
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Erinaceid herpesvirus 1 |
(ErHV-1) |
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(European hedgehog herpesvirus) |
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Esocid herpesvirus 1 |
(EsHV-1) |
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(Northern pike herpesvirus) |
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Falconid herpesvirus 1 |
(FaHV-1) |
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(Falcon inclusion body diseases) |
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Gruid herpesvirus 1 |
(GrHV-1) |
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(Crane herpesvirus) |
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Lacertid herpesvirus |
(LaHV-1) |
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(Green lizard herpesvirus) |
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Lorisine herpesvirus 1 |
(LoHV-1) |
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(Kinkajou herpesvirus) |
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(Herpesvirus pottos) |
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Murid herpesvirus 3 |
(MuHV-3) |
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(Mouse thymic herpesvirus) |
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Murid herpesvirus 5 |
(MuHV-5) |
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(Field mouse herpesvirus) |
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(Microtus pennyslvanicus herpesvirus) |
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Murid herpesvirus 6 |
(MuHV-6) |
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(Sand rat nuclear inclusion agents) |
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Ostreid herpesvirus 113 |
(OsHV-1) |
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(Pacific oyster herpesvirus) |
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Ovine herpesvirus 1 |
(OvHV-1) |
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(Sheep pulmonary adenomatosis associated herpesvirus) |
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Percid herpesvirus 1 |
(PeHV-1) |
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(Walleye epidermal hyperplasia) |
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Perdicid herpesvirus 1 |
(PdHV-1) |
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(Bobwhite quail herpesvirus) |
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Phalacrocoracid herpesvirus 1 |
(PhHV-1) |
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(Cormorant herpesvirus) |
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(Lake victoria cormorant herpesvirus) |
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Pleuronectid herpesvirus 1 |
(PlHV-1) |
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(Herpesvirus scophthalmus) |
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(Turbot herpesvirus) |
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Ranid herpesvirus 1 |
(RaHV-1) |
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(Lucké frog herpesvirus) |
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Ranid herpesvirus 2 |
(RaHV-2) |
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(Frog herpesvirus 4) |
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Salmonid herpesvirus 1 |
(SalHV-1) |
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(Herpesvirus salmonis) |
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Salmonid herpesvirus 2 |
(SalHV-2) |
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(Oncorhynchus masou herpesvirus) |
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Sciurid herpesvirus 1 |
(ScHV-2) |
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(European ground squirrel cytomegalovirus) |
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Sciurid herpesvirus 2 |
(ScHV-2) |
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(American ground squirrel cytomegalovirus) |
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Sphenicid herpesvirus 1 |
(SpHV-1) |
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(Black footed penguin herpesvirus) |
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Strigid herpesvirus 1 |
(StHV-1) |
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(Owl hepatosplenitis herpesvirus) |
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Suid herpesvirus 2 |
(SuHV-2) |
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(Swine cytomegalovirus) |
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Tupaiid herpesvirus 1 |
(TuHV-1) |
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(Tree shrew herpesvirus) |
10 (Watson, Yun, Groff and Hedrick, 1995).
11 (Kobayashi and Miyazaki, 1997).
13 (Le Deuff, Nicolas, Renault and N., 1994).
Phylogenetic Relationships within the Family
The family Herpesviridae is a diverse collection of viruses whose members can, nevertheless, be identified by their characteristic morphology. The diversity of the family has meant that criteria such as serology or nucleic acid hybridisation have only rarely been of value in determining relationships between different viruses, and the construction of a satisfactory taxonomic structure has been a significant challenge. In past ICTV Reports the herpesviruses have been grouped into subfamilies on the basis of broad biological criteria (Roizman, Desrosiers, Fleckenstein, Lopez, Minson and Studdert, 1992). Thus the Alphaherpesvirinae encompassed viruses which exhibit rapid cytolytic growth in vitro and establishment of latency in the nervous system; the Betaherpesvirinae encompassed viruses with a long productive cycle, usually associated with the formation of cytomegalic cells, and with a restricted host range in vitro; the Gammaherpesvirinae encompassed viruses which establish latent infection in lymphocytes and are often associated with lymphoproliferative disease. Division of the subfamilies into genera was based on molecular criteria - primarily the size and structure of the genome.
The increasing volume of sequence data has led to the widespread use of sequence comparisons in assigning herpesviruses to taxa and to molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family (e.g., McGeoch and Cook, 1994; McGeoch, Cook, Dolan, Jamieson and Telford, 1995). In this Report, therefore, the classification of herpesviruses is based formally on genetic content. The taxa are described as corresponding to ‘distinct genetic lineages’ and these lineages are defined by two criteria; (1) by comparison of nucleotide or predicted amino acid sequences of conserved herpesvirus genes and (2) by the identification of particular genes which are unique to a virus subset. While genetic content is used as the primary criterion, some viruses have been assigned to taxa on the basis of serological cross reaction. Given the diversity of the family it is clear that serological cross-reaction allows confident assignment at the genus level, even in the absence of genetic data.
The use of these criteria broadly confirms the validity of the current taxonomic structure of the family, namely that the Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaherpesvirinae represent distinct lineages as do the pre-existing genera. These criteria do, however, identify further lineages which require the creation of additional taxa:
1. |
Gallid herpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2) and Gallid herpesvirus 3 (GaHV-3) (Marek’s disease viruses type 1 and 3 respectively) and Meleagrid herpesvirus 1 (MeHV-1) (Turkey herpesvirus) lie in a distinct lineage within the Alphaherpesvirinae and Gallid herpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) (Infectious laryngotracheitis virus) identifies a further lineage within the subfamily. Two new genera are created to accommodate these viruses. These have been given the temporary names ‘Marek’s disease-like viruses’ and ‘Infectious laryngotracheitis-like virus’ respectively. |
2. |
Analysis of the sequence of Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (IcHV-1) (Channel catfish virus) establishes that the genetic content of the virus is related only tenuously to that of the herpesviruses of mammals and birds, and that the virus cannot be accommodated in the current taxonomic structure (Davison, 1992). Additional sequence data on viruses of fish and amphibians should in the future allow the creation of appropriate taxa to accommodate the viruses, but in the meantime Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (IcHV-1) is placed in a new genus, provisionally named the ‘Ictalurid herpes-like viruses’ genus, but not assigned to a subfamily. |
None reported.
Alpha: Greek letter , “a”.
Beta: Greek letter , “b”.
Cytomegalo: from Greek kytos, “cell” and megas, “large”.
Gamma: Greek letter , “g”.
Herpes: from Greek herpes, “creeping”.
Lymphocrypto: from Latin lympha, “water” and Greek kryptos, “concealed”.
Muromegalo: from Latin mus, “mouse” and Greek megas, “great”.
Rhadino: from Greek adjective rhadinos, “slender, taper”.
Roseolo: from Latin rose, “rose, rosy”.
Simplex: from Latin simplex, “simple”.
Varicello: derived from Latin varius, “spotted”, and its diminuitive variola, “smallpox”.
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