-ends, and codes for a type B (E. coli Pol II) DNA polymerase.
|
Type Species |
(29) |
Virions have elongated heads. The DNA has a terminal protein covalently linked to its 5-ends, and codes for a type B (E. coli Pol II) DNA polymerase.
Heads are prolate icosahedra (T = 1; more probably T = 3 with 30 hexamers and 11 pentamers) and measure about 50 
40 nm. Some members, including Bacillus phage 29 (29), have about 35 fibers on the head. Tails measure 35 6 nm and have a distal thickening and a double collar with 12 appendages.
Physicochemical and Physical Properties
Virion Mr is 29 107; buoyant density in CsC1 is 1.46 g/cm3; S20w is 254S. Infectivity is chloroform-resistant.
Genomes are about 19,285-19,366 bp in size, correspond to 48% of particle weight, and have a G+C content of 35-38%. The genomes of 29 and the related Streptococcus phage Cp-1 (Cp-1) and Bacillus phage PZA (PZA) have been fully sequenced.
Virions have 9 structural proteins (Mr 13-86 103), including 180-235 copies of the major capsid protein (Mr 49.6 103 in 29 and 42 103 in Cp-1). Type B (E. coli Pol II) DNA polymerase is coded. Amino acid sequences are available at GenBank and EMBL.
Not known.
Not known.
Genome Organization and Replication
The genetic map is linear and includes 27-29 ORFs, one of which codes for a type B (E. coli Pol II) DNA polymerase. Genomes are nonpermuted and have inverted terminal repeats of 6-8 bp (29 species) or 230-240 bp (Cp-1 species). Both 5-ends are covalently linked by a terminal protein. Infecting DNA does not circularize. Transcription proceeds in two waves. Early genes are transcribed from right to left; later genes are transcribed from left to right. Replication starts at either DNA end and proceeds by strand displacement. The terminal protein primes the DNA polymerase and is essential in DNA packaging. The packaging substrate is nonconcatemeric DNA. Packaging involves phage-encoded RNA. In Cp-1, transcription proceeds from left to right; in 29, early transcription is from right to left.
No group antigens are reported.
Phages are virulent and infect Gram-positive bacteria of low G+C content.
Distribution is worldwide.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
All species differ in host range. Phages 29 and Ga-1 differ in serological properties and protein molecular weights. Phages 29 and Cp-1 DNAs differ in base sequences, the length of inverted terminal repeats (6-8 vs. 236-247 bp) and the properties of terminal proteins; in addition, 29 and Cp-1 show minor differences in molecular weights of structural proteins.
Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species names, alternative names ( ), strains or serotypes are not italicized. Virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ], and assigned abbreviations ( ) are:
|
Bacillus phage 29 |
[M14782, JO1122, JO2479, JO2480, VO1121, M11813] |
(29) |
|
Bacillus phage PZA |
(PZA) | |
|
Bacillus phage PZE |
(PZE) | |
|
Bacillus phage 15 |
(15) | |
|
Bacillus phage GA-1 |
(GA-1) | |
|
Kurthia phage 6 |
(6) | |
|
Streptococcus phage Cp-1 |
[Z47794] |
(Cp-1) |
|
Streptococcus phage Cp-5 |
(Cp-5) | |
|
Streptococcus phage Cp-7 |
(Cp-7) | |
|
Streptococcus phage Cp-9 |
(Cp-9) |
Tentative Species in the Genus
|
Bacillus phage AR13 |
(AR13) |
|
Bacillus phage B103 |
(B103) |
|
Bacillus phage MY2 |
(MyY2) |
|
Bacillus phage M2 |
(M2) |
|
Bacillus phage Nf |
(Nf) |
|
Bacillus phage SF5 |
(SF5) |
|
Kurthia phage 7 |
(7) |
About 45 additional, poorly characterized, phages have been reported.
List of Unassigned Species in the Family
|
Acinetobacter phage A36 |
(A36) |
|
Bacillus phage Ba1 |
(Ba1) |
|
Brucella phage Tb |
(Tb) |
|
Clostridium phage HM2 |
(HM2) |
|
Coryneforms phage AN25S-1 |
(AN25S-1) |
|
Coryneforms phage 7/26 |
(7/26) |
|
Cyanobacteria phage AC-1 |
(AC-1) |
|
Cyanobacteria phage A-4(L) |
(A-4(L)) |
|
Cyanobacteria phage SM-1 |
(SM-1) |
|
Cyanobacteria phage LPP-1 |
(LPP-1) |
|
Enterobacteria phage Esc-7-11 |
(Esc-7-11) |
|
Enterobacteria phage N4 |
(N4) |
|
Enterobacteria phage sd |
(sd) |
|
Enterobacteria phage |
( |
|
Enterobacteria phage 7-11 |
(7-11) |
|
Enterobacteria phage 7480b |
(7480b) |
|
Lactococcus phage KSY1 |
(KSY1) |
|
Lactococcus phage PO34 |
(PO34) |
|
Mollicutes phage C3 |
(C3) |
|
Mollicutes phage L3 |
(L3) |
|
Mycobacterium phage 17 |
(17) |
|
Pasteurella phage 22 |
(22) |
|
Pseudomonas phage F116 |
(F116) |
|
Rhizobium phage 2042 |
(2042) |
|
Staphylococcus phage 44AHJD |
(44AHJD) |
|
Streptococcus phage Cvir |
(Cvir) |
|
Streptococcus phage H39 |
(H39) |
|
Streptococcus phage 2BV |
(2BV) |
|
Streptococcus phage 182 |
(182) |
|
Xanthomonas phage RR66 |
(RR66) |
|
Vibrio phage OXN-100P |
(OXN-100P) |
|
Vibrio phage 4996 |
(4996) |
|
Vibrio phage I |
(I) |
Phylogenetic Relationships within the Family
Not available.
“29-like viruses“, adenoviruses, and tectiviruses have proteins linked to DNA ends and protein-primed replication, and code for type B (E. coli Pol II) DNA polymerase. See the paragraph “Similarity with Other Taxa” in the Caudovirales description for further details.
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